With the arrival of summer, many of us are eager to spend more time outdoors, enjoying the sun. However, increased exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation during outdoor activities can have significant implications for eye health. One condition that is particularly relevant during the summer is pterygium, also known as surfer’s eye.
What Is Pterygium?
Pterygium is a benign growth of the conjunctiva, the clear tissue covering the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids. This growth extends onto the cornea, the transparent front part of the eye. Pterygium can vary in size and, in some cases, it can grow large enough to interfere with vision.
Common symptoms of pterygium include:
- Redness and inflammation
- A gritty or burning sensation
- Dryness and irritation
- Blurred vision if the growth encroaches on the cornea
- A visible, raised, wedge-shaped growth on the eye
How UV Exposure Contributes to Pterygium
Exposure to UV radiation is a significant risk factor for the development of pterygium. UV rays from the sun can damage the delicate tissues of the eye, leading to changes in the conjunctiva and promoting the growth of pterygium. This condition is especially prevalent among people who spend a lot of time outdoors, such as surfers, sailors, farmers, and those living in sunny or windy climates. Reflective surfaces like water, sand, and snow can intensify UV exposure, further increasing the risk.
Prevention: Protecting Your Eyes from UV Radiation
Preventing pterygium largely involves protecting your eyes from harmful UV radiation. Here are some tips to help you keep your eyes safe this summer:
1. Wear Sunglasses: Choose sunglasses that block 100% of UVA and UVB rays. Wrap-around styles offer the best protection by minimizing UV exposure from the sides. Look for labels that confirm UV protection.
2. Use Hats and Visors: Wearing a wide-brimmed hat or a visor can reduce the amount of UV rays reaching your eyes by up to 50%.
3. Stay Shaded: Whenever possible, stay in the shade, especially during peak sunlight hours from 10 AM to 4 PM, when UV radiation is at its strongest.
4. Avoid Reflective Surfaces: Be cautious around surfaces that reflect UV light, such as water, sand, and snow. Extra protection is necessary in these environments.
5. Use UV-Protective Contact Lenses: If you wear contact lenses, consider those that offer UV protection. However, they should be used in conjunction with sunglasses for optimal protection.
6. Eye Lubrication: Keep your eyes well-lubricated, especially if you are in windy or dry conditions, to reduce irritation and dryness.
Treatment Options for Pterygium
If you develop pterygium, there are several treatment options available. In mild cases, lubricating eye drops or anti-inflammatory medications can help alleviate symptoms. For more advanced cases where the growth affects vision or causes significant discomfort, surgical removal may be necessary. Surgical removal of a pterygium is an outpatient procedure that can take less than an hour to perform. The risk of the pterygium recurring after surgery can be reduced with the use of a conjunctival graft taken from under the upper eyelid that is placed over the site where the pterygium was located.
As you enjoy the summer sun, remember to take steps to protect your eyes from UV radiation. Pterygium, while benign, can cause discomfort and vision problems if not addressed. By wearing proper eye protection and being mindful of UV exposure, you can reduce your risk of developing this condition and maintain healthy eyes.
If you have any concerns about pterygium or other eye conditions related to UV exposure, don’t hesitate to contact Eye Center South. Our team of experienced ophthalmologists is here to provide comprehensive eye care and personalized treatment plans. We have clinic locations in Dothan, Montgomery, and Andalusia, Alabama, as well as Destin, Panama City, and Tallahassee, Florida. Schedule an appointment today to ensure your eyes stay healthy and protected all summer long.
